The middle (Latin vox media) is a voice indicating that the subject acts upon itself (reflexively) or for its own benefit, or in the case of a plural subject, on each other.

The middle is opposed to transitive-active voice and, in contrast to the latter, signifies that the action does not leave the sphere of the actor.

Example: Ancient Greek loúo [active] ‘I wash [sth.]’ vs. loúomai [middle] ‘I wash [myself]’ (Hartmann & Stork 1972: 252)