Topicality and accessibility 09.07.2026

At a given point in the development of a discourse, a referent is accessible in the consciousness of the interlocutors to different extents. This depends on the distance of its last mention and a few other factors. If it is fully accessible, it is fully apt to function as topic in the next utterance; if it is inaccessible, it is inapt for this function.

To these accessibility statuses correspond different means of coding such a referent which may be represented in an accessibility scale. The two scales may be put side by side and then correlate to a significant degree.

Accessibility of referents
awareness statusaccessibility
brand-new unanchored inaccessible
brandnew anchored
unused
ready
active accessible
Explicitness of coding of referents
representationexplicitness
lexical NPexplicit
emphatic pronoun
neutral pronoun
clitic pronoun
pronominal affix
zeroimplicit

The first version of this combination is the Topic continuity scale.