Indo-European language family (simplified)
branch
ancient
modern
Tocharian
East Tocharian (A)
-
West Tocharian (B)
-
Aryan
(= Indo-Iranian)
Indo-Aryan
(= Indic)
Vedic
-
Sanskrit
-
Prākrit
Hindi
Bengali
Marathi
, ...
gipsy languages
Dardic
Kaśmīrī
, ...
Iranian
North-East Iranian:
Avestan
-
Ossetic
,
Pashto
...
South-East Iranian
...
North-West Iranian
Kurdish, ...
South-West Iranian:
Persian
Farsi
, ...
?
?
Armenian
?
Phrygian
-
Balkanic
Thracian
-
Greek
Achaean
Modern Greek
Ionic-Attic
West Greek
Albanian
Illyrian
-
Messapian
-
Italic
Venetian
-
Latin-Faliscan
Latin
Romanian
Italian
French
Spanish
Portuguese
...
Faliscan
-
Sabellian
Oscan
-
Umbrian
...
-
Celtic
Continental Celtic
Gaulish
-
Celtiberian
-
Insular Celtic
Goidelic
Irish(-Gaelic)
Scots-Gaelic
Brythonic
Welsh
Breton
Germanic
East Germanic
Gothic
-
North Germanic
(= Nordic)
West Nordic
Icelandic
Norwegian
East Nordic
Danish
Swedish
West Germanic
German
Anglo-Frisian
Dutch
English
Frisian
Baltic
West Baltic
Old Prussian
East Baltic
Latvian
Lithuanian
Slavic
South Slavic
Old Church Slavonic
Bulgarian
Macedonian
Serbo-Croatian
Slovenian
East Slavic
Russian
Ukrainian
Belarusian
West Slavic
Czech
Slowak
Polish
...
Sorbian
Anatolian
Hittite
-
Western Anatolian
Luwian
,
Lycian
-
Palaic
-
Lydian
-