perspective
property ╲ | onomasiology | semasiology |
|---|---|---|
| basis | total of cognition and communication as coded by the language system | total of structural means used in the language system |
| articulated in terms of | concepts, functions and operations | constructions, formatives, relations, processes |
| primary division by | functional domains | principal syntactic categories |
| sequential order of primary sections | increasing complexity of concepts and operations, from substantive concepts via predication and proposition up to illocution and discourse | increasing level of syntactic structure, from particle via syntagma and clause up to sentence |
| composition of a primary section | subdomains constituted by conceptual fields and by specific cognitive and communicative operations | hierarchy of constructions differing by internal composition |
| order of subsections of a primary section | increasing functional specificity | increasing complexity, from root via stem and word form to syntagma |
| sense of descriptive statements | given a certain cognitive or communicative function, the set of coding strategies fulfilling it | given a certain construction, the set of functions fulfilled by it |
| sequential order in subsection | coding strategies are ordered by increasing grammaticalization, from textual paraphrasis down to morphological processes | constructions at each complexity level are ordered from center to periphery |
| universal coverage of framework | The set of functional domains exhausts the total of grammatical meaning coded in languages. Every functional domain is represented in the system of every language. | The hierarchical structure of the sentence is universal. The set of syntactic categories used in the description is based on cross-linguistically recurrent categories. |
| adaptation to language under description | Functions fulfilled by the grammar of one language may only be fulfillable by textual paraphrases in another. Particular subdomains may not be grammaticalized. | Provided that the description is complete at the most general level, structural means not used by the language system need not be mentioned. |